Camarata, S., Miller, L. J., & Wallace, M. T. (2020). Evaluating sensory integration/sensory processing treatment: issues and analysis. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 14, 556660.
Understanding the Sensory Hierarchy
For many of our service users, we adopt elements of the sensory hierarchy when scaling our goals and meeting your child where they are at. Think of this hierarchy as a ladder that children climb as they develop the ability to process and respond to sensory information. This includes things like touch, sound, smell, taste, movement, and body awareness. Just like learning to read starts with recognizing letters, sensory development starts with basic processing before moving to more complex skills.
While this framework provides valuable guidance, each child develops at their own unique pace and may not progress through the hierarchy in a strictly linear way. Our team does not typically use a sensory integration approach but rather draws upon elements of this model to offer sensory-based interventions as part of our class curriculums.
The Levels of the Sensory Hierarchy
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Sensory
What it is: The ability to take in and process information from the senses—touch, sound, sight, movement, etc.
Why it matters: If a child has difficulty processing sensory input, it can affect everything that comes after. For example, if a child cannot process the auditory input when their name is called, they may not shift their attention to the speaker. This is the base of the pyramid because all other skills depend on it.
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Motor
What it is: The ability to move and control the body—gross motor (like running or jumping) and fine motor (like writing or buttoning a shirt). This also impacts speech and gestures.
Why it matters: Motor skills rely on accurate sensory input. For example, if a child can’t feel where their body is in space due to sensory needs, they may demonstrate challenges with coordination or movement.
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Social
What it is: The ability to interact with others—sharing, taking turns, engaging in conversation, and reading social cues.
Why it matters: Social skills depend on both sensory and motor abilities. For example, a child needs to be able to process sounds (sensory) and use speech or gestures (motor) to engage socially. Supporting children’s unique ways of displaying their sensory and motor abilities is key to our strengths-based approach.
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Behaviour
What it is: The outward actions and responses we see—like following directions, managing emotions, or participating in group activities. Children require executive functions and cognitive intellect to promote regulation and positive behaviours.
Why it matters: On the hierarchy, behavior is the result of everything below it (social, motor, and sensory). If a child needs behavioural support, it may mean they have unmet needs at the sensory, motor, or social levels. This is why we sometimes suggest honing the other levels first, before supporting behaviour goals directly.
Why This Hierarchy Helps
Drawing upon elements of this hierarchy helps us look beneath the behavior to identify what a child might really need. Instead of just addressing the behavior, we aim to support the foundational skills first.
If your child is lower on the sensory hierarchy, it doesn’t mean they can’t learn or grow — it just means they need support that meets them where they’re at. At Move Learn Grow, we design activities that help strengthen those foundational skills in a fun, supportive way. We don’t rush kids up the ladder — we support them in climbing it at their own pace!